Vibration resonance during shipping was causing unacceptable levels of damage to Driscoll's pallets of berries. A unique banding system has made a huge difference.
UNIQUE DESIGN. Specially designed rollers narrow the width of the stretch film into strong bands that are extremely effective in holding pallet loads down.
The world’s premier distributor of fresh berries, Driscolls trucks palletloads of its strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, and blackberries from packaging facilities in California and Mexico to distribution centers across North America. Berries traveling the farthest, to East coast customers, spend days on the road in refrigerated semi-trailers.
After trying different solutions, then shipping test loads across the country, Driscoll’s worked with Orion Packaging Systems and Associated Packaging to develop a solution that both protects its berries and meets the demands of its production cycle, which produces 60 pallet loads of berries every hour. That solution is an Orion FA turntable automatic stretch wrapping system. It turns the stretch film into a band and applies the band in a pattern that creates the needed downward holding pressure without completely sealing the load. Banding, as opposed to wrapping pallets in film, leaves open space that allows the modified atmosphere created by a patented protective pallet hood to circulate throughout the load. The Orion solution met Driscoll’s load-per-minute productivity, saved labor by being on in-line automated process, and was one-third of the cost of the taping solution Driscoll’s had originally used.
The patented protective plastic hood creates a modified atmosphere that lets the fruit respire at a rate most suitable for preserving freshness. What the company found, however, was that while the modified atmosphere maintained the fruit’s freshness even on the longest trips, in many instances the top two or three layers of trays in palletloads arrived with damaged fruit. This was especially true of raspberries, which, being hollow, are most susceptible to physical damage.
Most of the damage was the result of vibration resonance in the pallet load during the trip. The motion of the trailer over the road surface caused this resonance, which increased as it rose to the top of the load, where the distance from the pallet maximized the vibration effect on the trays.
“Over the trip of 2,000-4,000 miles, depending on the destination,” says Tom Huffman, Driscoll’s Regional Operations Manager, “many of the raspberries in the top two tray layers would be reduced almost to jelly.”
This consistent damage led to claims by the receiving companies, representing a significant loss to Driscoll’s in addition to the damage to its brand image. The firm was determined to find a solution that would eliminate the results of this resonance and deliver all of Driscoll’s berries undamaged.
Step one
The first solution tried by Driscoll’s involved using equipment that applied pallet-wrapping stretch tape to the pallet load, creating a strong downward holding pressure while unitizing the pallet and minimizing vibration. That solution reduced the product damage somewhat, and it applied the tape in a pattern that left open space for air to circulate. But the taping equipment operated off-line. Pallets were moved onto and off the system turntable by forklifts, and as a result the operation was only able to tape one pallet every two to three minutes, which meant that it could not match Driscoll’s 60 pallets/hr production.
So management decided to prioritize the loads that would be taped. Predictably enough, the delicate raspberries were identified as the top priority, so they alone were sent through the offline taper. But once management saw how beneficial the taping proved for raspberries, they knew that every load should be secured in this way. That launched a search for a taping system that wouldn’t involve an offline transfer.
“In the spring of 2009,” says Huffman, “we began exploring other, higher-speed solutions available with three goals in mind: to increase the hold-down of the pallet load, to reduce the material cost associated with the taping system, and to increase throughput to match the productivity of the line, allowing all loads to be secured.”
He investigated various systems online and at trade shows, too, until he settled on the Orion solution. Orion and its local distributor, Associated Packaging, thereafter worked closely with Huffman and the Driscoll’s distribution team to refine the system, automate the production line, and ship test loads across the country until they reached a solution that met all of Driscoll’s needs.
The Orion solution was a system that enabled its FA automated pallet wrapping system to replicate what the wrapping tape was doing but improve the characteristics of the pallet load by “banding” the stretch film. On its automated wrapping system, as the stretch film is being applied, it is passed between rollers that narrow the width of the film, creating a strong band while preserving the strong elastic character of the film. This band produces a strong holding effect without completely sealing the pallet load (as Driscoll’s required), and the banding can be applied automatically with the same speed as a full high-speed pallet wrap.
Servo assist
Given the height of Driscoll’s typical pallet load (80-108 inches), Orion engineers modified the film carriage on the FA by developing a servo that allowed the carriage to move more quickly up and down the mast. This allows the wrapper to deliver the X-shaped open wrapping pattern on the large load while maintaining the turntable speed that meets Driscoll’s production requirement.
“To help Orion engineers develop the modified system,” says Huffman, “we shipped pallets of berries to Orion in Alexandria, Minnesota. The shipment included electronic sensors in the berry trays that we use to measure shock and vibration in our loads.”
In Alexandria, Orion re-wrapped the pallets with the new configuration and drove the trucks around the local area to test the result. Printouts from the in-load sensors showed a significant reduction of vibration.
The development of the system continued, as did testing, even after the first wrapping system was purchased and installed, and modifications were made as necessary. For example, because the banded film applies such a strong downward force, in early applications that force crushed the corners of the trays of berries at the bottom of a load. Orion engineers further modified the wrapper by incorporating a special clutch into the film carriage that adjusts the film tension as the wrap reaches the lowest level of the pallet.
In addition, Orion designed the wrap to end with the tails of the bands being captured by pneumatic rods and then being cut so they are trapped under previous bands. This keeps the pallet wrap from unraveling during transportation.
Another adjustment made with the benefit of experience was in the gauge of the wrapping film. Orion and Associated Packaging began by recommending 80-gauge film, but Driscoll’s subsequently found that lighter gauges worked just as effectively and reduced film cost. It is currently using 60-gauge film in its operations, which further reduces its pallet wrapping costs.
The Orion FA automatic turntable pallet wrapper is fully automatic and could therefore be installed directly into Driscoll’s production line, where pallets are automatically rolled onto the turntable, wrapped, and rolled off, eliminating the time and labor needed to move them by forklift. Using two 10-inch rolls of film, the wrapper applies two bands of film simultaneously to pallet loads as they revolve on the turntable, completing the wrap in about 60 seconds.
The wrap unitizes the entire pallet load but does not tie it to the pallet because, when the pallet passes into the machine where the modified atmosphere is introduced, the load is lifted from the pallet as a film hood and bottom sheet are applied and sealed before backflushing with a modified atmosphere. Following this operation, pallets are moved to loading docks, ready for shipping.
The result
The entire development process, including research, design, testing, and modifications, took approximately four years. Over the course of that time, the original system that Orion installed became the prototype for what amounted to a custom-designed pallet-wrapping system for Driscoll’s. That system met all of Driscoll’s requirements.
“This system is the result of a truly close partnership of Driscoll’s, Orion, and Associated Packaging,” says Driscoll’s Huffman. “Without complete cooperation from all parties, it never would have been successful.”
Currently, two Orion wrapping systems have been installed by Associated Packaging’s Technical Services Team and are operating at Driscoll’s Watsonville, CA facility, and one each in its Santa Maria and Salinas facilities. Future installations are planned both for other California locations and for its Mexican blueberry operations.
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